King Senusret II _ History

King Senusret II | 12th Dynasty Middle Kingdom

The Pharaoh of Egypt's Twelfth Dynasty

After Amenemhat II, his son, Senwosret II, also known as Kha Khabar Ra, took the throne after he shared the throne with him for about seven years. Maniton mentioned that he was one of the tallest kings who sat on the king's throne, according to Maniton, quoting Eusebius, his height was four cubits, three inches and two fingers; about six feet tall, according to Maniton. His reign was short; he did not stay on the throne for more than nineteen years, including the seven years he shared the throne with his father.

It seems that he was not fond of wars, and it is possible that Nubia began to slip out of his hands somewhat, and the kings who preceded him had penetrated with their armies to the third waterfall and made it an Egyptian territory, but the evidence of the situation indicates that during the joint rule of “Amenemhat II” with his son; the influence of the Egyptians began to decrease until the Nubian tribes threatened the Egyptian country itself with invasion. 

We have found some inscriptions that may have indicated this from afar. In Al-Kab, I found a tablet dated in the forty-fourth year of the reign of Amenemhat III to his grandfather “Senwosret II” in which he says “His Majesty ordered the construction of a siege within the wall of the late “Seshmutawi”.” This name is the ‘Hori’ title of Pharaoh Senwosret II, and it is difficult to know why Senwosret built a wall in this place about 80 kilometers north of the first waterfall, at a time when the country was very calm and peaceful and the union.

He left us an inscription on a rock in Aswan with the names of Amenemhat II, the lover of the goddess Satet of Elephantine, and Senwosret II, the lover of Khnum, the goddess of the waterfall region. 

Senwosret II married a woman whose fame exceeded her beauty, if her statue found in Tanis is a true image of her, and the inscriptions on the statue's throne are: hereditary princess, great concubine, highly praised, royal wife, ruler of women, and the king's daughter from his body, “Nefert” (meaning her name means “beautiful” and may have been named in order to cover her ugly appearance), from this we know that the queen herself had the right to rule the king. 

From this we know that the queen herself had the right to rule the king, and this is explained by the unusual title “ruler of women” that she was given, and this pharaoh adopted a strange custom in its door in our eyes, although it was normal and normal for the royal family.

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King Senusret II, who was the son of King Amenemhat II and shared the throne with him for 7 years, ruled for a total of 19 years as the Fourth of the Twelfth Dynasty. During his reign, he oversaw the construction of his pyramid complex and the city of workers in the Lahun area at the entrance to the Fayum, which are considered to be his most significant internal works.

King Senusret II, also known as Senwosret II or Senwosret II, played a significant role in ancient Egyptian society during his reign. He ruled during the Middle Kingdom period (circa 1897–1878 BCE), and his reign is marked by several important contributions and developments:

Economic Prosperity: Senusret II's reign witnessed economic prosperity, which was characterized by agricultural growth and increased trade. The construction of irrigation systems and the successful management of resources contributed to the kingdom's wealth.

Infrastructure and Irrigation: Senusret II is known for his efforts to improve the infrastructure of Egypt, particularly through irrigation projects. He initiated the construction of a canal that connected the Nile River to the Faiyum Oasis, known as Bahr Yussef. This canal facilitated irrigation and improved agricultural productivity, leading to surplus food production.

Faiyum Oasis Development: Senusret II's most notable achievement was his extensive work on the Faiyum Oasis. He developed the region by expanding its agricultural land through controlled flooding from the Nile and the construction of new irrigation canals. This transformed the Faiyum into a fertile and prosperous area that could support a growing population.

Pyramid Complex: Senusret II initiated the construction of a pyramid complex at El-Lahun, which was part of his mortuary complex. The pyramid at El-Lahun is considered one of the significant architectural achievements of his reign.

Religious Contributions: Like many pharaohs, Senusret II played a role in religious affairs. He continued to honor and support the traditional gods and temples of Egypt. Additionally, he was associated with the sun god Ra, and his reign saw the continued development of solar theology.

Military Activities: While Senusret II's reign is not particularly known for major military campaigns, he likely maintained the military presence and authority necessary to protect Egypt's borders and maintain internal order.

Cultural and artistic achievements: The Middle Kingdom was known for its cultural and artistic achievements, and Senusret II's reign contributed to this cultural flourishing. Art and literature continued to flourish during this period, reflecting the stability and prosperity of the kingdom.

Strengthening the Centralized State: Senusret II's focus on agricultural and infrastructural development helped strengthen the centralized state. His efforts contributed to the stability and longevity of the Middle Kingdom.

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