Egypt Aswan Governorate Aswan

Aswan Governerate in Egypt

About Aswan Governerate in Egypt

Aswan was known as ‘Sonu’ in ancient Egyptian times, meaning market, as it was a trading centre for caravans coming to and from Nubia. In the Ptolemaic era, it was called ‘Sin’ and the Nubians called it ‘Yaba Swan’. It was also known as the Land of Gold because it served as a great treasure or tomb for the kings of Nubia who lived there for thousands of years. Before the migration, Aswan's borders extended from Asna in the east to the border of Sudan in the south, and its inhabitants were Nubians, but after the Islamic conquest of Nubia, some Arab tribes settled there.

Aswan's significance dates back to the Old Kingdom, when it served as the nation's southern boundary.  It was also the centre of the gathering of armies in the Middle Ages as they tried to extend their rule southwards. It also played a crucial role in the fight against the Hyksos.

The island of Philae, home of the goddess Isis, also attracted the attention of the Ptolemies, who completed its great temple. The Romans also built temples in the Pharaonic style to get closer to the Egyptians. One example is a small temple on Philae Island built by Emperor Trajan.

When Christianity became the official religion of the country in the 5th century AD, most of the Pharaohs' temples were converted into churches, and Philae Island was the centre of one of the bishoprics, which led to the spread of Christianity south towards Nubia in Egypt and Sudan. Since the spread and emergence of Islam, many writings in Kufic script have been found dating back to the first century AH.

Aswan also flourished in the Islamic era in the 10th century AD and was a route to Ayyazab on the Red Sea coast, from where ships sailed to the Hejaz, Yemen, and India. It was also an important cultural centre in the sixth and seventh centuries AH, and it had three schools, the oldest of which were the Aswan School, the Seifiya School, and the Star School in Aswan. Muhammad Ali established the first military school in Egypt in 1837.

Ancient times
Eratosthenes refuted the flat earth theory and made the first calculation of the circumference of the globe, taking Siena as the centre and Alexandria as the peripheral point to calculate the length of the arc between the two points and the angle of incidence of sunlight on each of the two cities, including the circumference of the earth. Eratosthenes relied on the sun's perpendicularity to the Tropic of Cancer (passing roughly through Aswan) on 21 June.

Christianity came to Egypt in many ways, as the first apostle who came to Egypt was Bartholomew the Apostle before the year 60 AD, and Bartholomew came to Sono ‘Aswan’ in 60 AD with Matthew the Apostle, and Matthew set off from Sono to Abyssinia, and Bartholomew set off from there to Armenia, and in 60 AD came to Alexandria, Marmarq the Apostle, and established the Markan chair and was killed there in 68 AD at the hands of the Pharaohs and the Greeks. The saints who were born in Aswan are Anba Hadra, the tourist.

First: The original inhabitants are the Nubians, divided into two tribes (Kanouz and Fajikat). The number of Nubians in Aswan is approximately 30 per cent, and the Nubian dialect is the reason for their name.

Secondly: Arabs, who came with the Islamic conquest of Egypt and took up residence in Aswan, the number of Arabs is 50%, and they are divided into more than ten tribes, the most famous of which are (Jaafra - Bashariya - Ababdeh - Ansar - Al-Alaqilat - Bani Hilal), and because they speak the Arabic language, their name came Arab, unlike the Nubians and not because they are nomads, in some countries they call the Bedouins Arabs.

Third: The rest of the population are displaced Egyptians who live in Aswan to earn a livelihood on a temporary and permanent basis.

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Aswan, located in southern Egypt along the Nile River, is known for its stunning natural landscapes and scenic beauty. Here are some of the most beautiful natural places that can be visited in Aswan:

   Philae Island and Temple: Philae Island is home to the beautiful Philae Temple complex, dedicated to the goddess Isis. The temple is surrounded by lush gardens and palm trees, and its location on an island in the Nile River makes it a picturesque site.

   Nubian Villages: The Nubian villages near Aswan offer a unique and colorful cultural experience. The villages are known for their vibrant, painted houses, and the surrounding desert landscape contrasts beautifully with the bright colors of the buildings.

   Nile River: The Nile River itself is a natural wonder, and taking a boat trip on the Nile in Aswan allows you to appreciate the serene beauty of the riverbanks and the ever-changing colors of the water at different times of the day.

   Elephantine Island: This island in the Nile River is known for its archaeological sites, including the Temple of Khnum. The island's rocky terrain and views of the river make it a peaceful and scenic place to explore.

   Kitchener's Island (Aswan Botanical Garden): This island in the Nile is home to the Aswan Botanical Garden, a lush and green paradise with a wide variety of plant species from around the world. It's a tranquil place to take a stroll and enjoy the natural beauty.

   Nubian Desert: The desert landscapes around Aswan offer a unique opportunity for desert adventures. Guided camel or jeep safaris into the Nubian Desert allow you to witness the vast dunes, rocky formations, and stark beauty of the desert.

   Agilkia Island: Agilkia Island is home to the relocated Philae Temple complex, which was moved here to save it from flooding when the High Dam was built. The island's setting amidst the calm waters of Lake Nasser creates a serene and picturesque environment.

   Granite Quarries: Aswan is famous for its granite quarries, and visiting the Unfinished Obelisk site is a chance to see a massive, unfinished obelisk carved from the bedrock. The quarries themselves are impressive, and the surrounding landscape is striking.

   Desert Oases: Beyond Aswan's city limits, you can explore desert oases like the Kharga and Dakhla Oases, where palm trees and freshwater springs create a lush contrast to the surrounding desert.

   Sunsets and sunrises: Aswan is known for its stunning sunsets and sunrises, particularly along the Nile River. Watching the changing colors of the sky over the river is a memorable experience.

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