"Serabit el khadim" That area, where the oldest settlements of turquoise metal are located, was so named because there are a large number of rock blocks inside, each of which was called "Sarbot", meaning the existing rock, while the name of the servant was associated with it, which are the statues scattered inside the temple, which represented servants for the residents of South Sinai, so the site
The importance of the servant mirage comes from the inscriptions and writings of the rock in the mines and antiquities dedicated to the goddess Hathor in the temple about the mining campaigns carried out by the kings of the middle state. Although the name Amenemhat I, the first king of the twelfth dynasty, is the oldest name found in the
Al-Khadid's mirage contains 387 inscriptions belonging to the Middle and modern countries, including about eight inscriptions from the Middle Kingdom era, in addition to 150 inscriptions confirming many mining campaigns during the era of the New Kingdom, especially between the reigns of the most famous kings in Egypt King Amenhotep I and king Ramses VI. Historians proved that these mining activities related not only to the area of the Serapita Al-Khadim but also concerned everything surrounding the mountains and caves of the Serapitat Al-Kham as well, including the well of the monument and Wadi Abu Jadah. The inscriptions were not concerned with the details of these mining campaigns, but also monitored the settlements where the workers of those mines lived, in addition to mineral processing areas and places of worship. Small.
The server's mirage also contains more than thirty inscriptions engraved in the "Sinnaean alphabet," which sheds light on the history of the alphabet, which was revealed in 1905 and dates back to the reign of Thutmose III and Hatshepsut, and some call it the Canaanite alphabet, Because she was influenced by some lofty writings, considering that Sinai was a meeting point for those coming from Asia, although some believe that the majority of miners were prisoners of Egyptian wars with the peoples of Southwest Asia, Who spoke the Northwest Semitic language, such as Canaanite, which was ancestors of the Phoenicians, and Hebrew, which the British Egyptologist Alan Gardner tried to prove in 1915 when he deciphered the so-called primitive Sinaitic writing system. The American priest Romanos François Putin published, from the Catholic University of America many articles on that point in the Harvard Theological Journal, based on the Harvard mission to Serapit Al-Khad in 1927, in addition to the joint mission of Harvard Catholic University in 1930
Is there a close relationship between the Serapet of the Servant and the sacred history of Sinai? This is a question that many historians tried to answer, which encouraged the British cultural historian Lina Doriana Joanna Ekenstein to make a hypothesis that the Serapit of the servant was the historical site of Mount Sinai, where Moses received the Ten Commandments. In 1912, she published a book entitled "History of Sinai", in which she based her work and exploratory on the couple Hilda and Flinders Petrie, through which she traced historical events in the Sinai region before the presence of the Egyptians. This hypothesis is a significant part of the reality of the site containing the Temple of Hathor, where she believes that the goddess Hathor, which was symbolized by the cow, is the golden calf built by the Hebrews while Moses was on the mountain.
As for Hathor Sayyida Al-Aali Temple, it is located on top of Mount Al-Sarrabate, which is, about 850 meters above the ground level. It rises about 1,100 meters above sea level. It is located in a flat area very similar to plateaus, located about
2,000 meters south of the city of Abu Zneima, specifically in an area called Ramla, where the village of Al-Sarrabyt is located in South Sinai. The temple is about 80 meters long and about 40 meters wide, it is adjacent to many turquoise caves full of ancient archeological inscriptions, in addition to some workers' tools.
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