King Peribsen _ Ancient Egyptian

King Peribsen | 2nd Dynasty Kings of Egypt

King Peribsen 

The name of this pharaoh is not present in any of the lists of kings that have come to the present day but has been found on several monuments. At Umm el Kaab, Petrie discovered two tombs at the opposite ends of the dynastic necropolis, one very small belonging to Peribsen, and the other of an exceptionally elongated shape to a king Khasekhemuy.

Peribsen's serekh has an unusual feature of being surmounted by Seth's animal, rather than the usual Horus hawk. In the tomb of Peribsen seals of jars of a certain Horo Sekhemyeb were found and at first, it was assumed that this was the name of Horo of Peribsen himself, even if this conjecture was contradicted by the presence of God Seth on the serekh of most seals and two beautiful granite steles placed in front of the burial chamber.

2nd Dynasty Kings of Egypt

A subsequent excavation not far from the tomb brought back the name of a king Sekhemyeb Perenmae and it was believed then that it was a predecessor of Peribsen; later the same full name was found on fragments from the Step Pyramid. Grdseloff's hypothesis that Sekhemyeb Perenmae is none other than Peribsen before betraying Horus to become a fervent devotee of Seth is very likely.

He was interred at Abydos, the site of the discovery of a seal inscription that included the first fully composed hieroglyphic sentence.

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King Peribsen, also known as Sekhemib-Perenmaat, was a pharaoh of the Second Dynasty of Egypt. His reign is associated with several notable achievements and developments in ancient Egyptian history:

Innovations in Kingship: King Peribsen is particularly known for introducing a significant change in the way pharaohs referred to themselves. While his predecessors used the Horus name, Peribsen adopted a new title, the Seth name, which was associated with the god Seth. This transition is one of the most distinctive features of his reign.

Iconography and Symbols: During Peribsen's reign, there was a noticeable shift in iconography and symbols used in royal inscriptions and artifacts. The Seth animal, an animal resembling an unidentified carnivore, often depicted with an unusually long forked tail, became associated with him. This is in contrast to the Horus falcon, which was commonly used by previous pharaohs.

Evidence of Dual Kingship: The use of the Seth name has led to debates among Egyptologists about whether Peribsen's reign represented a period of dual kingship, with Lower Egypt (Horus) and Upper Egypt (Seth) being ruled separately. Some assumptions suggest a possible conflict between the two regions.

Economic Activities: Like his predecessors, Peribsen likely oversaw various economic activities, such as agriculture and trade. Evidence of these activities can be seen in inscriptions and artifacts from his reign.

Architectural Contributions: Although not as prolific as later dynasties, Peribsen's activities have contributed to the construction of architectural structures and monuments. However, due to the limited archaeological evidence from this early period, the extent of his architectural achievements remains somewhat speculative.

Cultural and Artistic Developments: The changes in iconography and titles during Peribsen's reign represent cultural and artistic developments in ancient Egypt. These changes reflected shifts in religious beliefs and political ideologies.

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