Anwar el-Sadat (1918-1981), Anwar el-Sadat is the former President of Egypt (1970-1981) who shared the Nobel Peace Prize in 1978 for concluding peace agreements with Israel. An Egyptian politician, he served in the army before helping to overthrow his country's monarchy in the early 1950s. He served as President and became President in 1970.
He was born on 25 December 1918 in Mit Ab al-Kawm, in the governorate of Al-Minufiyyah.
Before the group could succeed, the British arrested and imprisoned Sadat in 1942, but he escaped two years later. In 1946, Sadat was arrested again.
Sadat joined Nasser's Free Officers and took part in the group's armed uprising against the Egyptian monarchy in 1952.
Sadat was Secretary of the National Union in 1959, President of the Egyptian National Assembly, member of the Presidential Council and Vice-President of the United Arab Republic. He was replaced in 1969 after the death of Gamal Abdel Nasser.
Sadat served in Nasser's administration and became President of Egypt (1964-1966, 1969-1970). Nasser died on 28 September 1970 and Sadat became acting president, winning the post in a landslide on 15 October 1970.
He introduced the policy of openness known as infitah,
Sadat had an impact on foreign policy by initiating peace talks with Israel, Egypt's old enemy. Israel rejected Sadat's conditions, namely that peace would be possible if Israel returned the Sinai Peninsula. Sadat and Syria set up a military coalition to retake the territory in 1973. The war began in October and Sadat took Syria in 6 hours.
The Camp David Accords were concluded between Egypt and Israel in September 1978.
On 6 October 1981, Armed Forces Day, Sadat was assassinated by Muslim extremists during a military parade commemorating the Yom Kippur War in Cairo, Egypt.
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