The Pharaonic Era
A few hunters in continuous movement flowed gradually along the river with the gradual transformation of the outermost lands into the arid sands of the desert.
Agriculture had developed by 5,000 BC, while the population had settled in villages. Two distinct political regions gradually emerged: Lower Egypt, in the Nile delta, and Upper Egypt, along the green corridor of the river.
Around 3,000 BC Upper Egypt occupied the neighboring lands to the north, unifying the nation and starting the 1st dynasty. The pharaohs of this early period, revered and almost unattainable to the Egyptian people, were considered gods. During the III dynasty, Zoser had the Step Pyramid built, the first of numerous magnificent monuments that would have risen in Futuro.
Egyptian culture flourished during the 4th dynasty, a period of solidity and prosperity, which opened the first great age, the Old Kingdom. The pyramids of Giza and the Sphinx, which depict the face of King Khafre, are the result of unparalleled skillful architectural feats. In addition, commerce and fine arts flourished and a group of people began to use written language, expressed through hieroglyphs.
During the Fifth Dynasty, the pharaoh began to lose his aura of authority with the gradual development of the Sun cult, which weakened the power of the crown. With the end of the VI dynasty, the nobility expanded and became independent, closing the era of the Old Kingdom period, one of the most flourishing periods of Ancient Egypt.
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